Ballroom Dance DJing

This primer is intended for the person(s) who wish to DJ a ballroom dance social.

I think there are three caveats that govern DJing: 1) not all dances are created equal, 2) not all music is created equal, and 3) be aware of the unwritten social conventions.

Not All Dances Are Created Equal

Sure, there are 19 ``mainstream'' competitive dances -- but that doesn't mean that you should play as many paso dobles as you do waltzes. In general, I'd say there are three classes of dances.

First Class Waltz, Tango, Foxtrot, Quickstep, Cha-Cha, Rumba, Samba, Swing/Jive
Second Class Viennese Waltz, Mambo/Salsa, Hustle, WC Swing
Third Class Paso Doble, Bolero, Argentine Tango, Merengue

In general, you want to play more of the ``first class'' dances more than the ``second class'' or ``third class''. (Some would argue that quickstep and samba are first-and-a-half class, so given a choice to play an extra samba or an extra cha-cha, you should probably opt for the cha.) How much more, I'll address later.

Not All Music Is Created Equal

Unless you've just started dancing, you should know by now that there is a lot of crap out there. Pick up almost any ballroom dance CD and spin to a random track: chances are, it'll make you wince. The lesson here is: never use music you haven't listened to.

When you listen to music, you should be doing a few things. The first is quality: is the singer/band like Frank Sinatra or Metallica? Next: is the tempo right? Sure, Scott and Fran's Paso Doble from the Strictly Ballroom soundtrack sounds like a Paso Doble... but it's in 3/4 time, not 4/4 time. Not to mention that it's way too fast. You can find a listing of dance tempos on Mark's Music FAQ page. Then of course is character: there's a lot of 4/4 music out there, but that doesn't mean that Alanis Morissette's music makes for good ballroom dance music.

Mixing the Music

Great; so you've listened to a lot of music, picked out which songs are nice, blahblahblah... now what?

Let's take the canonical 60 minutes of dance music. Let's assume each track is 2.5 minutes long; that makes for 24 songs. Step one: alternate latin and standard songs. So now we need 12 latin and 12 standard tracks. So, we might use something like the following:

  1. waltz
  2. cha-cha
  3. tango
  4. rumba
  5. foxtrot
  6. samba
  7. quickstep
  8. jive

Quick, what's wrong with the above?

Well, lesse... we alternated standard and latin songs, so that's good. They're all first-class songs, so that's good. But look at what's next to each other: tango, rumba, foxtrot. Quick, get some coffee! And what's worse: samba, quickstep, jive? Who's going to be alive after that? So the lesson is: alternate fast and slow dances, too. Can you always do that? Probably not -- but try.

OK, so before we fix that, we think to ourselves: we want 24 songs. There are 8 first-class dances and 4 second-class dances and 4 third-class dances. But we probably want more than a 2:1 ratio of first-class to second/third-class dances. So something like 16 first-class dances, 5 second/third-class dances... that leaves us with a shortfall of 3 songs. But most of the second/third-class dances are latin, so we'll add 3 more standard first-class dances. So then we get something like:

1. swing 1
2. waltz 1
3. paso doble
4. tango 1
5. cha-cha 1
6. foxtrot 1
7. rumba 1
8. viennese waltz
9. samba 1
10. quickstep 1
11. hustle
12. waltz 2
13. jive 1
14. foxtrot 2
15. mambo/salsa
16. tango 2
17. cha-cha 2
18. quickstep 2
19. bolero
20. waltz 3
21. samba 2
22. foxtrot 3
23. rumba 2
24. tango 3

OK, you get the idea. Is there a rule that you have to play one each of the second/third-class dances? No. If you play a paso and no one gets on the floor, whereas the floor was half-full with the last WC Swing, by all means, skip the scheduled paso and play another WCS.

Unwritten Social Conventions

Oh no! I'm writing them down! Well, when you find my mutilated body in a dumpster, you'll know that the Secret DJ Police have taken me away. In the meantime...

Requests

If you can, take requests. Obviously, if you have a tape of music, this might be hard. But if you're DJing via CDs, then it shouldn't be too hard. Be reasonable, though -- if you played a quickstep in the last ten minutes, don't play another right away.

Don't Stop

Never stop a song halfway through. If the floor clears when you start the paso, fine. Everyone will take a breather. Take this as your cue to play that request for a quickstep aftewards -- everyone will be rested, right? People need to breathe, to get water, to run to the bathroom, and if everyone decides to do that during the same song, no big deal.

Not to mention that stopping a song early is incredibly jarring. And leads to lack of confidence in the DJ, and all other unpleasant things.

No 4-minute Viennese Waltzes, Please

Most songs can be played 2.5-3.5 minutes. Viennese waltzes, however, should not be played longer than 1.5 minutes. Samba and quickstep are better in the 2.5 minute range. So pick music that won't go on and on and on.

Mood Crafting

Even in rock clubs, good DJs will mood craft: they start the evening off at a somewhat upbeat note. Generally, over the next 45 minutes, the music will get faster, peak, get slower, and then return to its original starting level. Which dances you pick, and what songs you use for them, can contribute to this effect.

Final Waltz

Probably the biggest convention is that of Final Waltz: the last song of the night is a waltz. This irks latin-only dancers to no end, of course, but they get to wear cool outfits, so no one minds ignoring them. I think it's nice to play a Final Rumba before the Final Waltz myself, but I'm not exactly a major force of ballroom fashion.

Note: people remember the most recent thing much more that distant events. So if you screwed up in earlier in the evening, this is nothing compared to not giving a room full of ballroom dancers closure by playing a final waltz. Especially if it's a traditional final waltz, like Bon Soir, a lot will be forgiven if you do that right.

I'm sure there are other conventions that DJs should follow, but I can't think of any.

Credits

Original document by dave cho (dcctdw@mit.edu). Additional comments by Stephen Gildea, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi, and Mark Herschberg.


[MIT Ballroom Dance Team]